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Chapter1
Geographicalcontextandarchaeologicalevidence
wasalreadydominatedbythecitadel,wherethe
mostimportantstructuresassociatedwithad-
ministrationorreligionmayhavebeenlocated.
TheremainsfromtheEJZ2periodincludeboth
theresidentialdistrictsdiscovered,forexample,in
AreasDandSD,andofficialorsacredbuildings.
UniquefindsincludetheSouthernTemple,located
inthesouthernpartofthesite(AreaW)(Bieliński
2010).Itisamonumentalstructureerectedon
amud-brickplatform;tothisday,noanalogyhas
beenfoundintermsofitsscaleorforminthispe-
riod’sarchitectureinJezirah.
IntheEJZ3-EJZ4periods,thetopofthecit-
adelwasdominatedbythemonumentalPublic
Building,whichservedasthemainpalaceand
administrativecenter.EJZ3residentialdistricts
wereuncovered,amongotherplaces,inthenorth-
ernandeasternpartsofthesite(AreasDandSD),
withtheremainsfromthisperiodalsoknown
fromotherparts(AreasSS,W,MandA).Inthe
Akkadianperiod(EJZ4),settlementatTellArbid
decreased.Thesettlementdeclinecontinuedinthe
Post-Akkadianperiod(EJZ5),althoughtheplace
wasstillinhabited.Thechangeswhichtookplace
inthisperiodareparticularlyevidentonthecita-
del.Inthelastcenturyofthe3rdmillenniumBC,
afterthePublicBuildinghadgoneoutofuse,the
characterofarchitectureofthecitadelchanged
completely.Avastrubbishdumpcoveredalarge
sectionoftheabandonedPublicBuilding.Itwas
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313233343536373839404142434445464748495051
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EXPEDITION
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100m
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Roads
M.E.L.Mallowan
Modernstructures
KEY
TheOrientalInstitute
oftheUniversityofVienna
andArcheos
PolishCentreofMediterranean
Archaeology,UniversityofWarsaw
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Fig.1.4TopographicmapofTellArbid
PAMMonographSeries9
13
