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AccordingtodatafromtheOfceoftheUnitedNationsHighCommis-
sionerforRefugees,730,000UkrainiancitizensfledtheconflicttoRus-
sia,while117,000becameinternallydisplaced2.
Asaresultoftheconflict,themosteconomicallydevelopedpartof
thecountrywastakenawayfromUkraine,andeconomicrelationswith
Russiawerealsosevered.ThisresultedinasharpdeclineinGDP,de-
valuationofthehryvniaandaslowdownintheheavyindustrysector,
whichwasthecountry’smaindevelopmentforce.Thesefactorscaused
therealincomeofcitizenstosignificantlydecrease.Thepauperiza-
tionratebegantorise.AccordingtotheWorldBankdata,theshareof
peoplelivinginextremepoverty(i.e.belowUSD5perday)increased
from3.3%in2014to5.8%in2015,whiletheshareofpeopleliving
onthepovertyline(accordingtoterminologyoftheNationalBankof
Ukraine)increasedfrom15.2%to22.2%inthecorrespondingyears.
Therewasalsoaslightincreaseinunemployment,from7.8%in2014
to9.5%in20153.DespitethefactthatthepredictionsofEuropeanpoli-
ticiansandofcialsassumedadrasticoutflowofpeopleafectedbythe
conflictfromUkraine,statisticaldataindicateanincreaseinmigration
totheterritoryoftheEuropeanUnion,limitedmainlytoPoland.In
otherEUcountriesandNorthAmerica,nosignificantincreaseinim-
migrantsfromUkrainewasobserved.Immediatelyafertheoutbreak
oftheconflict,thelargestnumberofrefugeeswasrecordedbytheRus-
sianFederation.However,forpoliticalreasons,thestatisticaldatain-
dicatedbyRussiamaybeinflatedanddonotreflecttheactualscaleof
migrationtothiscountry4.
2ONZ,https://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-ze-swiata,2/onz-ponad-700-tys-ukrain-
cow-ucieklo-z-powodu-walk-do-rosji,456444.html[accessed:20.05.2023].
3Economic,http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ukraine/publication/eco-
nomic-update-spring-2017[accessed:20.05.2023].
4ZniesienieobowiązkuwizowegowobecobywateliUkrainy-konsekwencjemi-
gracyjnedlaUniiEuropejskiej,EkspertyzaOśrodkówStudiówWschodnich,
UDSC,https://udsc.gov.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Ekspertyza-OSW-
%E2%80%9EZniesienie-obowi-konsekwencje-migracyjne-dla-Unii-
Europejskiej%E2%80%9D.pdf[accessed:20.05.2023].
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