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2.KazimierzObuchowski’stheoryoftheself-authoringpersonality…27
enablesthesearchforanswerstofundamentalquestionssuchasCWhatis
ahumanbeing?)orCWhoamIasapersoninthisworld?)(Obuchowski,
1985,2009).Forreconstructingthevaluesthattheself-authorattempts,the
abilityofindependentthinkingisnecessary,alongwiththecouragetoact
accordingtotheintentionaltasks(Obuchowski,2000,p.62).Teself-au-
thoringpersonprocessesandinterpretstheinformationthatreachesthem.
Inthisway,theyestablishanindividualconceptoftheworldandperson-
allifeplans(Obuchowski,2000,pp.13-14).Also,theybecomeasubject
dependentontheirownreflections.Teself-determiningpersondoesnot
allowtheroletoobjectifythem.Tereforetheyarecompletelyengagedinan
activity,beingfullyidentifiedwithagivenconceptofthemselves.Identifica-
tionisconsciousandreflective,outofchoiceandsubjectedtocontrol(Oleś,
2009,p.261).
Afundamentalconditionforbecomingasubject,asevidencedbyObu-
chowski,istheuseofabstractthinking.Teabilitytoimplementconcepts
andtomakeandunderstandgeneralisationsisnecessaryintheprocessof
designingvariableandflexiblemodelsoftheworldandoneselfinthatworld.
Apersonwhopossessesanabstractmodeloftheworldandofthemselvescan
interprettheeventstakingplace,establishtheirownattitudetowardsthem
andprogrammeanappropriatecourseofaction(Obuchowski,1993,p.50).
Aself-authoringpersonchanges,sincetheyre-operationalisetheirvisionof
theworldandofthemselvesconstantly.Teytransformbybeinginvolvedin
thetasksresultingfromtheirprivateconceptoftheworld,butnotbecause
theywanttochange(Obuchowski,1993,pp.50-67).Teabilitytobecome
subjectivisedCbecomesaconditionfordealingwithoneselfintheincreasingly
lesscaringandmoreandmorepermissiveworld)(Obuchowski,2009a,p.179).
AccordingtoObuchowski(2009,p.200),aself-authoriscapableofbearing
responsibilityfortheirlifeasasubject.
Toconclude,thefirstfourcriteriaofbeingasubjectare(1)havingknowl-
edgeaboutoneself,(2)settingtasksbasedonthisknowledge,(3)choosing
methodsaccordingtothosetasks(4)andtakingintelligentexecutiveactions.
Tesecriteriaaresogeneralthattheycanbeappliedwithregardtoeveryfunc-
tionalsystem,notonlyforhumans.However,onlyapersonischaracterised
by(5)theintentionalautonomy,(6)notyieldingtodesires,butcreatively
interpretingthem,(7)generatingapersonalmodeloftheworldandfinally
(8)designingoneself.