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peanenvironment,werepublishedatthattime
aswell.Furthermore,epithalamiumsandfuneral
speecheswerecreated;coronationsandbattle
victorieswerecelebrated;threatslikeawarwith
Turkeyorreligiousthemesweretakenup.Paweł
ofKrosnowroteanepithalamiuminhonorofJan
Lubrański,abishopofPoznań,andextolledthe
marriageceremonyofSigismundItheOldwith
:arbaraZápolya.Moreover,heeulogizedthevic-
toryofSigismundItheOldinthebattleofOrsza
andthevictoryoverMoscow.In1515Pawełof
Krosnohadapoem“Carmina”published,which
wascreatedontheoccasionoftheFirstCongress
ofVienna.PiotrRozjusz,forexample,eulogized
themarriagebetweenSigismundIIAugustusand
ElisabethofAustria.Otherthemesconcernedthe
deathofSigismundItheOld.
OnJanuary1,1530,RomoloQuirinoAmaseo
(1489-1552),analumnusoftheUniversityof
Mantova,inhisorationDepacedelieveredin
:oloniatothepopeandtheemperor,summoned
topeacethatwouldfavorcombinedoperations
againsTurks,especiallyaftertheyinstigatedto
fightagainstthehouseofhabsburgin1529.
Turksconquered:elgrade,Rhodes,andfinally
hungary,whichmadeTurkishinvasionareal
threattoEuropedividedbytheFrenchversus
Empireconflict.Imperialhegemonyledtoaliance
betweenFrance,Venice,DuchyofMilan,andthe
pope,whichaimedtoresistimperialruleinItaly.
In1527itsarmyconqueredandplundered
Rome,andPopeClementVIIwasimprisoned
intheCastleoftheholyAngel.In1529atreaty
ofCambraiwassigned,whosebenefitsfellto
CharlesV
.Characteristically,CharlesVgener-
ouslyrewardedanItalianhumanistforhisspeech
with300ducats,amongothers,whichsupported
Charles’sinterests.OnFebruary24,1529thepope
crownedCharlesVaCaesar,onwhichoccasion
Amaseodelieveredtwomoreorations.Another
author,aGreekpoetAndronicusTranquilius
Parthenius,retreatedfromConstantinopoleto
Italyin1453.Afterwardshedepartedfor:razil
wherehetaughtGreek,andafterthattoParis.
AndronicusTranquiliusPartheniusfirstarrivedin
Polandin1512intheretinueofprimateJanŁaski.
Moreover,hemaintainedcontactswithbishops
StanislaushosiusandSamuelMaciejowski,as
wellaswithSeweryn:oner.In1544heabided
atthecourtofcastellanAndrzejGórka,whowas
theaddresserofaletterpublishedin1545.Inhis
laudation,thereisalsothenameofJanTarnowski,
atwhoseplacethepoetresidedafterwards.The
otherletterisaddressed“AdoptimatesPolonos
admonition.”Aninterestingdocumentdepicting
passagestoMoscowaspartofdiplomaticmission
waspennedbySiegmundFreiherrvonherber-
stain.Thesetextsconstituteauniqueandremark-
ablycompellingpanoramaofthecontemporary
world,bothbecauseoftheauthorsandrecipients.
TheRulesofEditing
Intermsoflanguage,theanalyzedcol-
humanisticideas,alongwiththeemphasison
lectionispredominantlywritteninLatin
(257titles),12titlesarerenderedinPolish,
whereasthreeinGerman,whichproves
theincreasinginfluenceextertedbythe
therenownedPolishCrown”30.Thisregularity
isalsovisibleonprintsthatderivefromPolish
orEuropeanprintinghouses.Cracowprevailed
(216titles),whileotherprintinghouseswere
fromWürttemberg,Vienna,Venice,Leipzig,and
Nuremberg.FewprintscamefromKönigsberg,
literaturerenderedinnationallanguages”29.hi-
Augsburg,:asel,Strasbourg,Mainz,andKöln.
eronimWetorsaid:“thusIventuredsothe
Amultitudeoftheseprintinghousesprovesthe
Polishwritingspreadduetomyownworkand
receptionandaccessintheRepublicofPolandof
aconsiderableefforttothehonorandfameof
literaturepublishedabroad,aswellasemphasizes
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