Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
tectthe“purityoffaith”23;however,asignofhis
legislativeactivityandhisconnectionswiththe
courtare,forexample,Co[m]muneinclitiPolonie
Regniprivilegiumco[n]stitution[et]indultu[m]
publicitus
decretorumapprobatoru[m]q[ue],as
wellasaspeechdelieveredbypopeLeoX.The
teachingandexegesisofthecreed,whichwasem-
phasizedduringtheCouncilofTrent,werebased
oncatechisms24,whereascopiesofMassbooks,
breviaries,directoria,andpsalterswereprepared
forliturgicalneeds.ThemissalsofthePoznańand
Gnieznodiocesebelongtomostinterestingones,
astheyareprintedonparchment,ornamented
withinitialsandfleurons.Psaltersareuniqueas
well,forexamplethoseeditedbyWalentyWróbel,
printedbyFlorianUngler,hieronimWietorand
MaciejScharffenberg,withaprefacebyAndrzej
GlaberofKobylin,ProfessoroftheCracowAcad-
emy.
Moreover,translationofbooksonhause-
holdmanagementandagricultureofPietrode
Crescenzi(1230-1320/21)25-anItalianagrono-
mistandphysicianwhodescribedhisexperience
inthismatter26-wereattributedtothisauthor.It
isworthpayingattentiontoPolishvocabulary27
usedinthetranslation,mostprobablybyAndrzej
Trzecieski.Amongpopularprints,therewerealso:
herbariabyOdoMagdunensis,forexample,Arti-
umetmedicinaedoctora,whichwasprovidedwith
namesandinterpretationsderivedfromthePolish
herbarium;thefirstherbariuminthePolishlan-
guagebyFalimir,aswellasacoursebook(acollec-
tionofmedicaladvice)Regimensanitatismedico-
rumParisiensiumbyFranciscusMymerus;works
inmedicine,forexamplebyhenricusCornelius
AgrippaabNetteshym(1486-1535).Thisdoctor
oflaw,historian,alchemistalsostudiedtheology,
medicine,literature(hewasconversantineight
languages);however,Agrippawasparticularlyin-
terestedinastrology(publishedcalendars),esoter-
ic,andoccultism.Since1522,Agrippawaspractic-
ingasaphysician,andalsoasa“tsaristphysician.”
In1528,hefoughttheplagueinAntwerp.hisex-
periencesweremadepartofhiswork,whichwas
publishedbyMaciejScharffenbergin1543-Krót-
kanaukarządzeniakuustrzeżeniuodzarażenia
powietrza(AShorthistoryofRuletoWarn
AgainsttheContaminationoftheAir).Afearof
epidemic,commonatthattimeinEurope,also
reachedPoland.hencethereoccurredtheneedof
thisedition,whichwaspublishedinhopeto“rule
andbehaveinadueway,orincontaminatingto
safelifewithGod’shelp.”Asidefromthedescrip-
tionsofmealsanddrinks,accompaniedwiththe
necessaryannotation“TheAlmightymademedi-
cinefromtheearth,andawisemanshallnotre-
strainfromhay,”theauthorillustrates“acustom
oflettingbloodinsuchanadventure,”inthisway
stressingthat“muchdependsonthat.”Thispro-
cedurereferredtothencontemporaryconceptof
thereasonsforfallingill.TheRenaissancenatural
historygraduallyliberatedfrommetaphysicsand
poesyatthattime.however,itwasnotuntilatthe
closeofthe16thcenturythatmoresystematicand
uniformresearchwasconductedinthismatter.
Nonetheless,itwasAndreasVesaliuswhomade
careful,anatomicalobservations,independently
ofGalen.hisworksproposedentirelynewper-
spectiveonanatomyandrectifiedformerviews.
Intheanalyzedcollection,severalwell-known
editionsofmathematicalandastronomicalworks
werefound,forexample,byPetrusdeAlliaco,
:altazarLicht’sAlgoritmuslinealis,orTheoriae
novaeplanetarumbyJerzyPeuerbach(Purbach);
worksbyJan:lanchin,MikołajPrugner,Sebas-
tianMünster’sHorologiographia,orworksbyJan
ofStobnica.„Disciplinanumerorumarithmetica
est”-thesewordsbeginthetreatyAlgorithmus,
whichmakesreferencestoAristotelianteachings,
writtenprobablyin1491,fortheyearwasregarded
inthetextasannuscurrens.Undertheinflu-
enceoftheEuropeanhumanists,theologicaland
philosophicalthought28,aswellasworksinmath-
ematics,astronomy,law,andhistoriographywere
developinginPoland.AmongthePolishauthors,
well-knowninthecollection,wereMikołajof
:łonie,MaciejMiechowita(MaciejofMiechów),
Stanislaushosius,Jan:aliński,JohannesDan-
tiscus,JanofGłogów,GrzegorzofSzamotuły,Jan
ofTuchola,JanofStobnica,MikołajJaskier,and
AndrzejKrzycki.
AcharacteristicfeatureoftheRenaissance
theologiansandthinkerswastheirinvolvementin
thepublicsphere,whichwasreflectedinnumer-
oustextsofoccasionalliteraturethatoftentreated
aboutthencontemporaryPolishandEuropean
socialandpoliticalsphere.Asignificantnumber
ofthoseworksisdevotedtotheeventsattheroyal
court,andthustheyarededicatedtotheking,as
wellastosecularandclericaldignitaries.Moreo-
ver,speechesandorations,whichweredelivered
onceremonialoccasionsinthelocalandEuro-
11
