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1.1Definingcompounds.Headsofcompounds
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izedbythepropertynamedinthecompound”(Olsen2001:279)iThe
possessivecompoundgreybeardreferstoanoldman,whileyellowhead
denotesasmallyellow-headedbushbirdfoundinNewZealandi
BisettoandScalise(2005)dividecompoundscross-linguisticallyinto
threebasictypes:subordinate,attributive,andcoordinatecompoundsi
Theyproposethatcompoundsshouldberegardedassubordinateifthere
isacomplement-headrelation7betweentheirconstituents,asinthecase
ofbusdriver,churchhistory,andapronstringiTheconstituentbusfunc-
tionsasacomplement(iiei,directobject)oftheverbdrive,whichisthe
derivationalbaseoftheheadconstituentdriveriThesubordinatecom-
poundchurchhistorycanbeparaphrasedas<historyofthechurch’and
apronstring–as<stringoftheaproni’Thecompoundbusdriverisfur-
therclassifiedbyScaliseandBisetto(2009)asaverbal-nexussubordinate
compound,whilechurchhistoryandapronstringareincludedintheclass
ofgroundsubordinatecompoundsi
Thediferencebetweenverbal-nexusandgroundcompoundscorre-
spondstothedistinctionbetweensynthetic(verbal)androotcompounds
(employedby
,amongothers,Spencer1991,Szymanek1989,andFabb
1998)iAsyntheticcompoundsinEnglishcontainsadeverbalderivative
(eigi,driver,driving)asitsheadiPredicate-argumentrelationshipcanbe
identifiedbetweenconstituentsofsyntheticcompounds,forinstance,
ataxidriverissomeonewhodrivesataxiiTheheadofroot(iiei,prima-
ry)compoundsisnotadeverbalderivative,andbothconstituentsofroot
compoundsareoftennon-derivedwords,asinthecaseofhousewifeand
blackbird.
Constituentsofcoordinatecompoundscanbelinkedbymeansofthe
conjunctionand,forexample,poet-translator<poetandtranslator,’so-
fa-bed<sofaandbed,iieiasofathatcanbeconvertedintoabedi’
Attributivecompoundsconsistofanadjectiveandanoun,oranoun
andanouniInthecaseofA+Nattributivecompounds,suchasbluecheese,
atomicbomb,andhighschool,theadjectiveisamodifieroftheheadnouni
InN+Nattributivecompounds,suchasghostwriter,snailmail,andsaw-
fish,thenon-headexpressesapropertywhichisattributedtothehead
(ofteninametaphoricalway)iForinstance,snailmaildenotesaregular
postalsystemwhichisslow(likeasnail)incomparisontoemailsiScal-
iseandBisetto(2009)renametheattributiveclass(thetermintroduced
byBisettoandScalise2005)asATAPcompounds(iiei,attributive-apposi-
tiveclass)iTheattributivesubgroupofATAPcompoundsconsistsofA+N
items,whiletheappositivegroupincludesN+Nitemsi
7ScaliseandBisetto(2009)recognisecompoundsassubordinatealsowhentherela-
tionobtainingbetweentheirconstituentsistheadjunct-headrelation,asintreeeater<sb
whoeatsonatreei’
