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Introduction
Asearlyasthe1920s,EdwardL.Thorndikeexplicitlyexpressed
theviewthatintelligenceisnotonlytheabilitytothinklogically,
whichisnecessarytomovearoundintheworldofabstractideas,as
wellasthepracticalskillsnecessarytocopeinthephysicalworld,but
alsotheabilitytounderstandotherpeopleandtoactwiselyincontacts
withothers,whichisreferredtoassocialintelligence.Thisviewin-
spirednumerousconceptsandresearchconcerningtheplaceofsocial
abilitiesinthestructureoftheintellect,thedeterminantsoftheirde-
velopmentandtheirsignificanceintheformationofinterpersonal
skills.Withtime,theconceptofintrapersonalintelligencejoinedthe
termsocialintelligence(alsoreferredtoasinterpersonal),andwas
introducedbyHowardGardnerinhisconceptofmultipleintelligen-
ces.Intrapersonalintelligenceinvolvesthecapacitytounderstand
one’sownfeelingsandcreaterichandadequateself-knowledge.Fi-
nally,overthelasttwentyyears,theconceptofemotionalintelligence
wascoinedbyPeterSaloveyandJohnMayerandsincethenithas
gainedmarkedpopularity;thisconceptisevidentlyrelatedtotheprior
ones.Itisunderstoodasasetofabilitiestoperceive,acceptandunder-
standemotions–bothone’sownaswellasotherpeople’s–aswellas
toconstructivelyusetheminthinking,actinganddirectingone’sde-
velopment,andtocontrolandregulatetheseemotions.
Severalimportantsocialandemotionalcompetenciesareconnec-
tedtothese“newintelligences”;thecompetenciescanbesuccinctly
definedasindividuals’skillstodealwithotherpeopleandwiththem-
selves.Theiradaptivesignificanceforsocialandprofessionalfunc-
tioningaswellasforphysicalandmentalhealthtodayiswithout
question(evenifnotallthetheoreticiansseethenecessityofexplain-
ingsuchcompetencieswiththeexistenceofseparateintelligences).
Theirrolecanbeseenbothjudgingbythelargenumberofscientific
