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15
[39]
WereIhiswife,Iwoulddivorcehim.
(Pilch1999:84)
[40]
Shouldyouneedmyhelp,justgivemearing.
[41]
HadIknownthatbefore,Iwouldhavereactedimmediately.
Theuseofinversion,however,isrestrictedonlytohypotheticalconditionals
andtoaveryformalstyle,mostlywritten.Moreover,thereareonlyafewverbs
orexpressionswhichcanbeinversed.Tothisbelongwere(excludingthecollo-
quialuseofwas)aswellasweretodo/havedone,shouldandhadfunctioningas
anauxiliaryverbinthepastperfectforms.Othermodals,suchasmightand
could,canalsobeinversed,butusuallywiththeadditionofbutorjust:
[42]
Might/CouldIbutliveoncemore,Iwouldbeadifferentman.
(Pilch1999:88)
Thepredominatinggroupofconditionals,however,iscomposedofsentences
linkedwithconjunctions.Thetypeofconjunctioniscrucialtotheinterpretation
oftheconstruction.Themostcommonlyusedisif,theequivalentformsof
whichinPolishare(mostfrequently)jeśli,jeżeli,gdyby:
[43]
IfIhadknownthat,Iwouldhavetoldyouaboutit.
[44]
Bywasięmrówką,jeślisięczegośbardzochce.
[45]
Jeżelichcesz,przyjdędociebiejutro.
(M.Brandys)
IfhasitsnegativeEnglishcounterpart,whichisunless.Unlessprecedesan
affirmativeverbandthemeaningofthisconstructionissimilartoiffollowedby
anegativeverb,e.g.“Unlessyougo”meansroughlythesameas“Ifyoudon’t
go”.
[46]
Unlessthestrikehasbeencalledoff,therewillbenotrainstomor-
row.
OtherEnglishsubordinatorsareapproximatelysynonymouseitherwithifor
withunless:
–suppose/supposing(that)
[47]
Suppose/supposingthatheasksyou,whatwillyoudo?
–provided/providing(that)
[48]
Provided/providingthatnoobjectionisraised,weshallholdthe
meetinghere.
–oncondition(that)
[49]
Youcanborrowmynotesonconditionthatyougivethembackto
metomorrow.
