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2iWORLDOCEAN
reversednorthof30OS,andwindsareweakenedduringwinterandthetransitional
periodsbetweenthemonsoonsi
TheSouthernOcean(historicalname)-currentlyitdoesnotexistinthedi-
visionoftheworldoceaniTheSouthernOceancontainedthewatersthatsurround
AntarcticaandsometimesisconsideredanextensionofPacific,AtlanticandIndian
OceansiIn1928,thefirsteditionoftheIHO’sLimitsofOceansandSeaspublication
includedtheSouthernOceanaroundAntarcticaiTheSouthernOceanwasdeline-
atedbyland-basedlimits-thecontinentofAntarcticatothesouth,andtheconti-
nentsofSouthAmerica,Africa,andAustraliaplusBroughtonIsland,NewZealand
inthenorthiThedetailedland-limitsusedwereCapeHorninSouthAmerica,Cape
AgulhasinAfrica,thesoutherncoastofAustraliafromCapeLeeuwin,WesternAus-
tralia,toSouthEastCape,Tasmania,viathewesternedgeofthewaterbodyofBass
Strait,andthenBroughtonIslandbeforereturningtoCapeHorniThenorthernlim-
itsoftheSouthernOceanweremovedsouthwardsintheIHO's1937secondedition
oftheLimitsofOceansandSeasiTheSouthernOceanthenextendedfromAntarctica
northwardstolatitude40OSbetweenCapeAgulhasinAfrica(longi20OE)andCape
LeeuwininWesternAustralia(longi115OE),andextendedtolatitude55OSbetween
AucklandIslandofNewZealand(longi165Oand166OE)andCapeHorninSouth
America(longi67OW)i
Figure8iThemostpopularacceptedgeographicrangefortheSouthernOcean
TheSouthernOceandidnotappearinthe1953thirdeditionbecauseIiiithe
northernlimitsiiiaredifficulttolaydownowingtotheirseasonalchangeiiiHydro-
graphicOfficeswhoissueseparatepublicationsdealingwiththisareaaretherefore
lefttodecidetheirownnorthernlimitsi(GreatBritainusestheLatitudeof55OS)’i
Instead,intheIHO1953publication,theAtlantic,Indian,andPacificOceanswere
extendedsouthward,theIndianandPacificOceans(whichhadnotpreviously
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