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KrzysztofBabraj,AnnaDrzymuchowska,NinaWillburger
EGYPT
wasnoticeablydiferent:narrowwalls,
0.90mthick,builtofundressedlocalstone
salvagedfromotherstructures,bonded
inmortarwithjointsjust1cmthick.
Waterproofmortarwasusedaswell(opus
signinum),notunexpectedlyconsidering
theproximityofwater.Tisarchitecture
appearstobeearlierthantheother
buildingsinthearea.Telocationdirectly
nexttothequaysuggestsakindoftoll
house,collectingfeesfromvisitorscoming
infromthelake.Quantitiesofsmallchange
foundinthisareaandneartheexitfrom
thequaystandinfavorofthisidea.
BUILDINGEKL01
Ontheeasternsideofthecomplexof
buildingsSH02-SH06andSH01,just
bythereinforcedwaterfront,standthe
remainsofasmallbuilding(12.90mby
5.00m)withthreerooms:10,11
and12[seeFig.1].Stepsledtothecentral
room11,fromwhichonecouldenter
thetwosideroomsonthenorthand
south,bothofwhichwerefurnishedwith
U-shapedchannelsthatwerewasheddown
withwastewaterdischargedfromthe
neighboringbuildingonthewest,aswell
asbywaterfromthelakewhenthelevel
roseowingtoahigherwave.Afewsteps
couldbeobservedbetweentheeastern
waterfrontandthestreetrunningnextto
buildingEKL01.
BUILDINGSBN01,BN02
Atopographicalstudyoftheareaended
thisseasonwiththeclearingoftwo
structures,separatedbyastreet,standingto
thenorthofthenortherntranseptofthe
basilica[seeFig.1].Tetwobuildingswere
separatedfromthebasilicabyanarrow
alleythatranalongtheeast-westlineof
thewaterfrontofthenorthernbay.Te
52
diferenceinlevelsbetweenthewaterfront
andthesaidstreetisevident,theground
slopingveryclearlytowardthelake.Itseems
thatthissloperunningeast-westwasfilled
withbuildingsservingthechurchaswellas
travelerscomingintotownbyboat.
Tenarrowlongitudinalstreetbetween
buildingsBN01andBN02endedon
thewaterfront.TelayoutofBN01is
moreorlesslegible,butimpossibleto
definepreciselywithoutarchaeological
excavations.Ithadapproximatelysixrooms
(10-15)onanL-shapedplanandportico
16(thestylobateandlimestonebasesof
columnscanbetracedonthesurface)
openingtowardthenorth.Teviewfrom
thisplacemusthavebeenenchanting.
PRELIMINARYCONCLUSIONS
ONTHETOPOGRAPHY
Numerousarchitecturaltracesrecorded
inatopographicalsurveyofthearea
eastandnorthofthebasilicacould
beidentifiedaswarehouses,houses,
shopsinalllikelihood,tollhouseand
latrine.Tequarterappearstotakeon
arectangularshape,orientednorth-
southtowardthequaynexttothe
basilica,whichwasthemostimportant
communicationrouteinthetown,and
criss-crossedbyarectilineargridofstreets.
ElementsofaHippodameianplancan
beobservedinthispartoftheancient
city.Despitetheexistenceofthreeother
quaysintheharbor,mostofthepilgrimage
trafcandtradewouldhavebeencentered
onthisparticularquay.Tisarrangement
isclearandisinkeepingwithregional
settlement.
Preliminary
observations
suggestthatthesamearrangementcan
berecognizedalsoinotherpartsofthe
site,althoughotherarrangementsarealso
possible.
PAM23/1:Research2011
