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Marea2011
EGYPT
POTTERY
Tesetofostrakawasthemostimportant
discoveryoftheseason.Teassemblage
consistedofbodysherdsfromLR4
amphorasmadeofdarkredfabricwithlime
andquartztemper(onlyonediagnostic
amphoratoewasfound).Assuch,itis
themostnumeroussetofLR4amphoras
sherdsfoundtodate.Previously,thistype
ofamphorawasrecordedonlyinsmall
quantitiesfromthebasilicaandbaths
atMarea(Majcherek2002:63-64;2008:
117-118).
AfewsherdsofimportedLR1
amphoraswerealsodiscovered.Tese
containers,whicharedatedtothe5th-7th
century,wereproducedinAntioch,Cilicia
andonCyprus(Tomber,Tomas2011:
32-61).Teyweremadeofahardsandy
fabricwithlimetemper,palepinkorcream
incolor.Tepreservedfragmentswere
mostlyofupperbodiesbearingdipintiin
red(Fournet,Pieri2008:151-192).
Asmallfragment(H.9cm,W.17)
ofthebodyofapilgrim’sbottlewith
stampeddecorationinrelief[Fig.8,right]
wasfoundmoreorlessinthesamespot
astheostraka.Tedecorationpresents
along-hornedanimal(goat?)andbelow
italong-beakedbird(heron?).Ascrolling
ornamentoraseriesofovolisurrounded
themedallion.Bottlesofthistypewere
produced
inHellenisticandRoman
Egypt,imitatingRomanmodels.Abottle
withsimilardecoration,datedtothe
2nd/3rdcenturyAD,wasdiscoveredat
AbuQirnearAlexandria(collectionof
theGraeco-RomanMuseum,SeifEl-Din
2006:208,FL1;Rodziewicz1978:227-
231,Fig.1).
[AD]
GLASSFINDS
Teassemblageofglassesstudiedinthe
2011season,comprisingfindsfromboth
thecurrentseasonandthelastthreeweeks
ofthepreviousone,presentedarangeof
fairlyuniformshapesfromthe5thto7th
centuryAD(seeKucharczyk2004;2005a;
2007;Babraj,Szymańskaetalii2013:
63-67).Mostoftheglassobjectsareof
bluish-greenorgreencolor,althoughthe
originalcolorofencannotbeascertained
becauseoftheiridescenceorthickdark
orwhiteweatheringlayercoatingthe
surface.Someareinverybadcondition
andextremelyfragile.Mostvesselswere
free-blown
and
without
decoration.
Afewitemsweredecoratedwithapplied
trails,anotherfewwerepatternedor
mold-blown.Allseemtobelocal/regional
products,contributingtofurtherresearch
onlateRomanandByzantineglassin
Egypt.
Asmightbeanticipatedfromtheexca-
vationofabasilicaanditssurroundings,
alargequantityoftheglassfoundatthe
siterepresentslamps.Glasslampswere
themainsourceofmanmadelightingin
lateRomanandByzantinechurches.Most
weremadeforuseinpolycandela,likethe
typealreadywell-attestedinMareaas
wellasAlexandria.Teselampsfeatured
solidstemsflattenedononesideandwith
roundedorelongateddepressionsonthe
other[Fig.9:1].Tisisthepartthatis
preservedmostofen,bowlsbeingrather
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PAM23/1:Research2011
