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A.Jaworska,D.Apanel(red.),SocialRehabilitation,CareandEducationinPostmodernWorld,Kraków2009
ISBN:978-83-7850-380-4,©byOficynaWydawnicza„Impuls”2009
A.Bałandynowicz.Probationsystempenaltiesofmediumforce...
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itispossible.Namelyhousearrestcanbetreatedasbothoneoftheconditions
ofprobationandasapenaltyofisolationestablishedbyanauthorizedinstitu-
tion.Intermediatepenaltiescomprise:so-calledintensiveprobation,financial
penalties,compulsorysociallabourandotherpenalties,whichareinfactwaysof
tightercontrolofpersonssentencedintheconditionsofrestrictedliberty.
(Intensiveprobation’isatermgeneralenoughtocompriseacollectionofre-
strictionsinfringingpersonalfreedomwithinacommunityandavarietyofpro-
grammesdesignedwithaviewtopreventingrecidivism.Subjectingtheoffender
toaparticularprobationprogrammeisapenaltyofspecificcharacter,enabling
preciseexaminationandatleastpartialeliminationofpathologicalfactors,which
mayinfluencetheperpetrationofaprohibitedacttoagreaterorlesserextent.
heprogrammesdesignedtotackletheproblemsofdrugandalcoholuseaswell
asmentalillnessesbelonghere.Intensiveprobationishousearrest(residential)
accompaniedinsomecasesbyelectronicmonitoring.Asaresulttheconvict’s
supervisionbecomesmoreeffectiveandcrimecontrolmoresuccessful.
Otherintermediatepenaltiescomprise:financialpenalty(arbitraryfine)and
compulsorysociallabour.heformerisunderestimatedinPolandduetopoor
chancesofitseffectiveenforcementandnonegalitariancharacter.helatterhas
undoubtedlyhigheducationalqualitiesandhelpstoreinstatetheoffenderin
society.
Intermediatepenaltiesshouldnotfunctioninisolationonefromanother.Fi-
nancialpenaltycanwellbecombinedwithhousearrestorcompulsorysocialla-
bour,whichcouldadditionallybesupportedbyelectronicmonitoring.However,
ifthisturnsouttobeinsufficient,thiscollectionofpenaltiesshouldbesupported
withashortresidenceinaclosedinstitution.
Whatsystemofintermediatepenaltiesshouldbedesignedandimplemented
inordertoavoidtheaccusationofgrantingprivilegetosomegroupsofoffenders
anddividingpeopleinto(better’and(worse’(theformergotoprison,thelatter
aresubjecttointermediatepenalties)?Inwhatwayshouldwecontrolcourtrul-
ingswithregardtotheirappropriatenessinordertominimizetheincongruity
ofthepunishmenttotheoffence.Inthefuturewewillnotbeabletoignoread-
dressingthesequestions.Perhapsweshouldaddressthemnow.
heoffenderssentencedtoarbitraryfinecouldadditionallybesubjectedto
thefollowing:
theordertorecompensethelossessufferedbythevictimofthecrime,
fullcoverageoflegalexpenses,
housearrestcombinedwithelectronicmonitoring,thecostwhereofwould
bemetbytheoffender.
Withregardtosomecategoriesofpeopleviolatinglawintensiveprobation
couldproveadequate.Itwouldconsistofthefollowingelements:
preciseandregularsupervisionconductedbyaprobationofficeroraprofes-
sionallyinstructedpoliceman;