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10Well-BeinginLanguageEducation
shouldbeseekingtoactivelypromoteandsupportthehealthandwell-beingofall
thestakeholdersinvolvedintheircommunity-stafandstudents.
Towhatextentdoyoufeelthisisalreadycommonpracticeinyourcontextor,indeed,
inothereducationalsettingsacrosstheglobe?
Input
1.DefiningWell-Being
Well-beingisahighlycontestedtermwithmanydiferentperspectives,definitions,
andtheoreticalframeworks.Partofthereasonforthispluralityofunderstandingsis
theinherentcomplexityofthenotionwhichdefieseasy,straightforwarddefinitions
(LaPlaca,McNaught,&Knight,2013).Well-beinghasbeenconnectedwithhealth,
andindeedphysicalandmentalhealtharecloselyinterconnected(e.g.,Fox,1999;
Haysetal.,1994).However,themorebroadlyacceptednotionofwell-beingisthat
itisasubjectivepsychologicalandemotionalperceptionofhowsatisfiedoneiswith
one’slife.
Essentially,therearetypicallytwomainperspectivesonwell-being:onetakes
ahedonicapproachandtheotheraeudaemonicapproach(Ryan&Deci,2001).
TemostdominanthedonicperspectiveisevincedinworkonSubjectiveWell-being
(SWB)whichisdefinedasthepresenceofpleasantlpositiveafect,relativelackof
unpleasantlnegativeafect,andlifesatisfaction(e.g.,Dieneretal.,1999;Lucasetal.,
1996).SWBplacesastrongemphasisonthesubjectiveafectivedimensionofthe
momentwithlessconsiderationofthesociallyembeddedandlong-termcharacter
ofwell-beingacrossthelifetime.Incontrast,eudemonicapproachesfocusmoreon
meaningandself-actualisationconsideringaspectsoflifesuchasmeaning,purpose,
engagement,andsocialconnectionamongothers.Inreality,well-beingislikelyto
emergefromanintegrationofbothhedonisticandeudaemonicperspectiveswith
experiencesofpositiveafectatthemomentaswellasasenseofdoingwellinlife
morebroadlyovertime(e.g.,Jayawickreme,Forgeard,&Seligman,2012).Eudae-
monicapproachesmoretypicallyseewell-beingasmultifacetedwithmodelstypi-
callycomprisedofmultiplecomponentswhichinteracttogenerateaperson’ssub-
jectivesenseofwell-being.Nosinglefactorcandefinewell-being;rathermultiple
componentscontributetoit.
OneusefulmultidimensionalmodelisproposedbyDodgeetal.(2012)who
describewell-beingthroughtheuseofthemetaphorofasee-sawbalancingbetween
resourcesandchallenges.Teyexplainthatuwell-beingiswhenindividualshavethe
