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1.Introduction
Newapproachestolanguagedescription,especiallycognitivelinguistic
theories,havetakenaradicallyrevisionistpositiontowardGenerative
modelsandother,bynowHtraditional”grammars.Manyfundamental
assumptionsaboutlanguagestructurehavebeenquestioned,revisedor
rejectedentirelyinframeworkslikeConstructionGrammar(Goldberg,
1995),SimplerSyntax(Culicover&Jackendof,2005),orLexicalFunctional
Grammar(Bresnan,2001).Newmodelsandtheoriesoflanguagestruc‑
turefindthemselvescontestingatleastsomeofthefollowinggenerative
assumptions:
1.Thesyntactocentricviewoflanguage.Doubthasbeencastontheroleof
syntaxastheonlycomponentresponsibleforimposingstructureon
sentences.
2.TheinnatenessofUG.Thequestionofhowmuchlinguisticcomplexityis
innatelydeterminedandhowmuchhastobelearnedhasbeenanon‑
goingquestionwhoseintractabilityiscomparabletothemoregeneral
naturevs.nurturedebate.Recentlythependulumhasswungtoward
thelearningextreme,withconstructiongrammariansstressingthe
numbersofconstructionsthatmakeuptheknowledgeoflanguage.
3.Theuniversalnatureoflanguage.Aninevitableconsequenceofquestion-
inginnatenessisanincreasedemphasisoncross-linguisticdiversity.
Stressingdiversityoversimilarity(orviceversa)is,muchlikeself-
-servingmanipulationofstatistics,afunctionofhowlinguisticdata
areinterpreted,butcurrently,moreefortseemstogointodemonstrat-
inguniqueness.
4.Underlyinglevelsofsyntax.Deepstructureanalyseshavebeenreplaced
bymonostratalapproaches,whichpurporttoaccountforsentence
structuremorestraightforwardly,withouttheneedforinvokinghid‑
denabstractlevelsofrepresentation.
