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CHAPTER1
Publicregisters
Therstchapterwilldeneapublicregisteranditsbasicfunctions.Thechapter
willalsodealwiththehistoryofthedevelopmentofpublicregistersinEurope
untiltheendofthe19thcentury.Thepresentationofbothissuesisnecessaryto
structurethesubsequentlecture,whichwillbestronglybasedonthendings
presentedintherst,somewhatintroductory,chapter.
1.1Publicregistersdefnition,typology,functions
Throughouthistory,aregister(regester,registreorregiestre)wasusuallycalled
alist,indexorinventoryofpeopleorthings.SamuelBogumiłLinde,forexample,
explainedthataregisterisflalistofvariousthings,inordertoremember,ndand
recallthemmoreeasily”
.1However,theconceptofaregisteralsopertainedtothe
applicationoflawandtheoperationofpublicoces,especiallycourts.Registers
werealsovarioustypesoflists,inventoriesorrepertoriesofdocumentsdrafted
orreceivedinchancelleries,oces,etc.Whenusingspecicterminology,an
importantfactorwasalsothetechniqueofcollectinginformation,duetowhich
datasetskeptforthepurposesofjudicial,administrativeorscalpracticewere
oftencalledbooks.SuchbookswereknownandkeptasearlyasintheMiddle
Ages.InPoland,theseweree.g.towncouncilbooksandmunicipalcourtbooks,
whichwereusedtorecordlegalfactsimportanttotheinhabitants,suchas
thecompositionofelectedauthorities,adoptedresolutionsoftowncouncils
orcourtjudgements.IntheOldPolishera,thetermsbookandregisterwere
notsynonymous.Onthecontrary,onecaneventalkabouttheinferiorityof
1T.Stawecki,Rejestrypubliczne.Funkcjeinstytucji,Warszawa2005,p.20.
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