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thissystem,ormuchearlier,subjecttoitsideologyandlaws(centralization
ofpower,lackofmarketeconomy,socialandspatialegalitarianism,
ideologizationoflife,etc.).AccordingtoSykora(2009,p.394),“post-
socialistcitiesarecitiesatthetransitionstage.Theyarecharacterizedby
dynamicprocessesofchangeratherthanstaticpatterns.Theurban
environmentformedundertheprevioussystemisbeingadaptedand
remodeledtomatchthenewconditionsofthepolitical,economic,and
culturaltransitiontowardsthecapitalistsociety.Manyfeaturesofasocialist
citysuddenlystoodinoppositiontothecapitalistprinciples.The
contradictionsbetweenthecapitalistrulesandthesocialisturban
environmentledtotherestructuringoftheexistingurbanareas.Withtime,
newcapitalisturbandevelopmentsarehavingmoreandmoreinfluenceon
thewholeurbanorganization.Thepost-socialistdevelopmentbringsthere-
emergenceofsomepre-socialistpatterns,transformationsinsomeareas
fromthesocialisttimes,andcreationofnewpost-socialisturban
landscapes.”
Thechangesdidnottakeplacerapidlyorallatthesametime.They
wereevolutionary,gradualtransformations.Onthebasisoftheresearch
conductedinBratislava,OndošandKorec(2008)identifiedanumberof
stagesinthetransformationofapost-socialistcity.Thefirstofthemisthe
“earlypost-socialistcity”,followedby“maturepost-socialistcity”and“late
post-socialistcity”.Consecutivetransformationseventuallyleadtothe
emergenceofthe“earlycapitalistcity”.Eachstagefeaturescharacteristic
social,economicandspatialchanges.
Theauthorofthischapterbelievesthatatthebeginning,thepost-
socialistcityunderwentachangeofitspoliticalandeconomicfoundations,
byturningfromcentrallyplannedeconomytothefreemarketand
establishingtherulesofdemocracy.Itwasanimpulsewhichsparkedoff
furtherfunctional,socialandsubsequentspatialchanges.Next,theurban
functionsstartedtochange.Someenterprisescollapsed,unabletocompete
onthefreemarket,othersdeveloped.Itwaseconomicactivity,itsnewtypes,
e.g.services(alsotourist)thatfirstunderwentfunctionaltransformations.
Thenextchangesconcernedhumanhabits,behaviourandneeds-theywere
socialtransformationsresultingfrompoliticalandeconomicchanges.
Transformationsoftheurbanspace,itsmorphology(urbanlayout)and
physiognomycamelater.Someurbanareaswentintoruin,e.g.thosewhere
thefactories,oftenfunctioninginthecitycentres,werecloseddown.
However,someindustrialareassoldtoprivateinvestorswererevitalized.
Industryandserviceswereinvestedin,andnewhousingestateswerebuilt,
bothinthecitycentresandontheoutskirts.
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