Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
--
KatarzynaZawalińska,AnnaCiechomska,BłażejJendrzejewski
onemeasurecanfulfilthegoalsofmorethanoneprioritywhileformerlyone
measurewasfulfillinggoalsofonlyoneaxis.Secondly,eventhoughmostofthe
Pillar2measuresproposedaresimilartothoseinthepreviousprogramming
period(sotheirmodellingwasusuallytested),thereare2typesofbrandnew
measuresintheEUpolicy-thoserelatedtomanagingriskandtoco-operation.
Thefirstone,uriskmanagement”measure(Article37)includesucrop,animal,and
plantinsurance”(Article38),uMutualfundsforadverseclimaticevents,animal
andplantdiseases,pestinfestationsandenvironmentalincidents”(Article39),
anduIncomestabilisationtool”(Article40).Thesecondonefocusesonvarious
typesofactivitiesundertheumbrellaofuco-operation”(Article36)(EC2013b).
Itisrelatedtodifferentactorsinagricultureandfoodchain.Bothnewmeasures
belongtoakindofusoft”measures,whichdonotinvolvelargeamountoffunds
butstillmaysignificantlychangetheincentiveofthebeneficiaries.Thirdly,more
integratedapproachtoruralfundsmeans,amongothers,thatintegratedprojects
areallowedinvolvingsupportundermorethanonemeasureandfund.Itobviously
makestheevaluationofimpactofparticularpolicymorecomplexifitonlypartially
supportstheproject-theimpacthastobeattributedtoallthepoliciesinvolved.
Thesectionbelowprovidesmoredetailsconcerningsomeselectedchallenges
andavenuesformodellingRDPpost-2013.
3.1.Enhancedriskmanagementtoolkit
TheEC(2013c)proposedArticlethreedifferenttypesofactionsundertheRisk
managementmeasure(Article37):
a)financialcontributionspaidtopremiumsforcrop,animalandplantinsurance
againsteconomiclossestofarmerscausedbyadverseclimaticevents,and
animalorplantdiseases,orpestinfestation,oranenvironmentalincident
(Article38);
b)financialcontributionstomutualfundstopayfinancialcompensationsto
farmers,foreconomiclossescausedbyadverseclimaticeventsorbytheout-
breakofananimalorplantdiseaseorpestinfestationoranenvironmental
incident;
c)anincomestabilisationtool,intheformoffinancialcontributionstomutual
funds,providingcompensationtofarmersforaseveredropintheirincome.
Asformodellingriskmanagementitcanbelinkedtoevaluationofimpactof
certainnaturalaccidentswhichhaseconomicimpactontheagriculturalsector.
ModellingofeconomicandnaturaldisastershasalongtraditionwithinCGE
frameworkandavastliteratureexistsonapplyingespeciallyAustralianmodels(e.g.
Monash,TERM,etc.)andAmericanmodels(e.g.GTAP).ForexampleDixonand
16
WieśiRolnictwo4(173)/2016