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ImreLipcsei
Figure2.Distributionof(theSlovak)populationintermsofreligioninBékésCounty(1920)
Source:KarnerKároly(1931):DenominationsinHungaryintheLightofStatistics.
separately,asithappenstoday,itwouldhaveshownanevengreaterdifferences
becauseofSlovaks,theoverwhelmingmajorityofwhomwereLutheranatthe
time.ItisnotamatterofcoincidencethatthelargestLutheranchurchinHun-
garywasbuiltinBékéscsabawhich,intermsofitscapacity,isamongstthe
Europe’slargest.Therefore,itisworthpointingoutthatnowadaysCatholics
aremuchmorenumerousthanLutheransamongtheHungarianSlovaks.The
datapresentedinFigure2mainlyrefertotheSlovak,yettheyareillustrative
(keepingtheproportions)oftheoverallpopulationoftheBékéscounty.
Romanians
Thehistorianswhoareleadingexpertsonthesubjectcannotdecideastowhen
Romaniansactuallysettledintheterritoryofthepresent-dayHungary.Theyare
surethatfromthe18thcenturyonwards,thenumberofRomanianscertainly
increased.Inthisrespect,expertsdistinguishbetweentwokindsofpopulation
movementhappeninginseveralwaves.Firstofthemwasvoluntarymigration,
whenthehopeofimprovedlivingconditionsandtheincentivescomingof
landowners’instigatedthemovementfromthemoredenselypopulatedareasto-
wardstheGreatPlains.TheotherwastheorganizedsettlementwhenHungarian