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26
JerzySzymik
sideofthelogicofhistory22(inthisconcepttheo-logicissubordinated,let
usbeabsolutelyclearaboutit).KarlMarxdevelopedthisextremelydog-
maticconceptoffreedom(imminenthistoricalnecessityisfreedom,and
therefore,historyoffreedomishistoryoftheparty23).Thosewhoarean
obstacletotheadvanceoffreedom(religionists,bourgeoise,kulaks,etc.)
mustberemoved.ThisconglomeratehasbeenenrichedbySartre:aman
deprivedofessence,pureexistence,isyettobeinventedandcreated.
24
Ontopofthiscomesneo-Marxism(whoknows,maybethecurrentking
oncampusesofEuropeanandAmericanuniversities,especiallyinthe
realmofdisputesconcerningideasoffreedomanditscontent)andpost-
modernisminpluralityofvarietiesofits“poorthought,”whichmakes
noclaimtodefineanything(especiallypositivecontentofthenotionof
freedom)andissatisfiedwithaencroachingdeconstructionofallkindsof
ideas(especiallythosewhichareabletomakealivingonthem).Andyet
theencroachmenthasaclearlydefineddirection:nothingness.
Sourceandconceptualdisorderisratherconsiderablehere:
Evolutionaryideas,Hegelianinfluence,legacyofMarxistthought,reflec-
tionsofhumanities—allthisismixedwitheachotherinasingle,dimcult
todefine,orspecify,conceptualaggregate.Theentirehistoryisdepictedas
aprocessofprogressingliberations,themechanismofwhichisexplained
graduallyandthankstothisweareabletocontrolit.Andhereafascinat-
ingpromiseismade:manisabletobetheengineerofhisownhistory.He
orshenolongerhastocountonhisorheralwaysuncertainandfragile
goodwillorputhistrustinhismoraldecisions.Nowhelooksatthevery
fabricoftheprocessoffreedomandisabletocreateconditions,inwhich
willisgoodinitself—similarlytothecurrentsituation,inwhichwillis
evilinitself.Ethicalconcernsandefortsmaybecomeunnecessary,when
itismanhimselfwhodirectshistory.25
However,theefectofthisdemiurgicalhodgepodgeistragic:
[…]approvalofanthropology,whichseemstobe[…]aconsequentcomple-
tionoftheEnlightenment,bringingupamantospecificattitudesbased
onvaluesseemtobeenslavementofhisveryessence,andindeed,even
upbringingitselfisasanassaultcommittedbyanauthorityandtradition.
Onlyonepedagogyseemstoberightastherealpedagogyoffreedom:
upbringingtorebellionagainstanyexistingvalues,unlimitedliberationof
manwhoisintheprocessof“creative”self-definition.[…]Ithasnotbeen
decided,whatismanandwhatheshouldbe.
22KEP,p.229.
23KEP,p.229.
24KEP,p.230.
25KEP,p.288.
