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TABLEOFCONTENTS
Acknowledgementsllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
9
Listofabbreviations
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Preliminariesllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll13
Basicassumptionslllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll13
Basictermslllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll14
Studyaimslllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll16
Unitofanalysis:PCoperationalizationinthepresentstudylllllllllllll17
Overviewofthebooklllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll19
Chapter1nPragmaticsandlearningaforeignlanguagelllllllllllllllll21
1.0.Introductionllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll21
1.1.Pragmaticsandmacropragmatics
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1.2.Theoriesofverbalpolitenessandimpolitenessllllllllllllllllll27
1.3.Contextofsituation
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1.4.Formulaiclanguage
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1.5.Interculturalandpragmaticmisunderstandingslllllllllllllllll45
1.6.Competenceandcommunicativecompetence
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1.7.Pragmaticcompetencellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll51
1.8.Interplaybetweencultureandpragmaticsintheclassroom
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1.9.Finalreflectionsllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll57
Chapter2nInterlanguagepragmatics
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2.0.Introductionllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll58
2.1.Defninginterlanguage:Pastandpresentapproachesllllllllllllll60
2.2.Scopeofinterlanguagepragmaticsandcross-culturalpragmaticslllllll66
2.3.Interlanguagepragmaticsllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll68
2.4.Processeswithininterlanguagepragmaticsllllllllllllllllllll69
2.4.1.Transfer,fossilizationandbackslidinglllllllllllllllllll70
2.4.2.Overgeneralizationllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll74
2.4.3.Over-elaboration
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2.4.4.Avoidanceandachievementstrategieslllllllllllllllllll77
2.5.Nativeandnon-nativespeakerpragmaticcompetence
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2.6.Pragmaticcompetenceandlanguageprofciency
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2.7.Pragmaticcompetenceinathirdandfurtherlanguagelllllllllllll87
2.8.Finalreflectionsllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll91