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Theoryandpracticeoflocaldevelopmentstrategicplanning
2.Practice
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Theprocedureofdesigningalocaldevelopmentstrategy,aspresentedabove,found
itspracticalapplication-withtheauthor’sinvolvement-inthestrategicplanning
conductedinthefollowingtensmalltowns:Lubawka,Nowogrodziec,Polkowice,
Wronki,LądekZdrój,Złotoryja,Świerzawa,Wojcieszów,SzklarskaPorębaand
Bolków,aswellasinthreemedium-sizedtowns:Starachowice,Dzierżoniówand
JeleniaGóra.Eachofthesetownshadadifferentmotivationforpreparingastrategic
developmentplan.
ThecommunityofLubawkawasseekingasourceoffinancingforitsdevelopment
measuresaimedatenliveningthelocaleconomyinordertodecreasethelocal
unemploymentrate.Thatiswhy,in1993,itjoinedthePHARELocalInitiatives
Programme.Theprerequisiteofadmissionintotheprogrammewastheadoptionof
alocaldevelopmentstrategyforthetownandgmina.Lubawkatookthisopportunity
andwonthecompetitionandtheprizeofaboutEUR650,000tofinancethefivekey
strategicgoalsincludedinthedevelopmentstrategy.
ThegminaofNowogrodziecstartedworkondesigningalocaldevelopment
strategy(1996)becausethelocalauthoritiesbelieveditpossibletogainalocation
premiumthankstoitslocationneartheborderandtherouteoftheA-4motorway.The
localdevelopmentstrategyassumedusingthelocationadvantageanditstimulated
adequateinfrastructuredevelopmentandtheefficientpromotionofthegmina’s
economicassets.Someofthestrategictaskswerecarriedoutduringthefive-year
periodofthestrategy’simplementation.The2001reviewofthestrategyresultedin
settingnewstrategicgoals,basedagainonthefavourablelocation.
Thankstoitshugecopperdeposits,thegminaofPolkowiceisamongtherichest
inPoland.Whenin1995thelocalauthoritiesdecidedtostarttheprocedureof
strategicplanningandthenin2001reviewedit,theyexpectedthestrategytoprovide
ananswertothequestionofhowtousethecurrentrevenuesinordertotransform
the“miningmonoculture”intoamulti-functionalstructure.Theactivityofthelocal
communityofPolkowicewasagreatexampleoftheactivepreventionofcritical
momentsinthetown’sdevelopment.Inthiscase,thefunctionofdevelopment
strategywastoidentifythehazardsresultingfromthemonolithiccharacterofthe
localeconomyandindicatingascenariotoalleviatetheirimpact.
Starachowice,DzierżoniówandJeleniaGóraexperiencedquitetheopposite
situation.ThelocaldevelopmentstrategiesdevisedforStarachowiceandDzierżoniów
weremeanttoindicateamethodforalleviatingtheeffectsofthealreadyexisting
criticalmomentintheirdevelopment,causedbytheliquidation-enforcedbythe
administrativeandeconomictransformationsatthenationalscale-oflargebut
unprofitablecompaniesoradrasticdecreaseintheiroutputandworkforcesize.In
thecaseofJeleniaGóra,thecriticalsituationwascausedbylosingthestatusof
provincialcentreandtheclosureofalargemilitarybase.Inthiscase,thetown
developmentstrategy,revisedin2004,wastoprovideguidelinesfordeveloping
