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ChildhoodResilience:AReviewofLiteraturewithImplicationsforEducationinaMulticulturalEra
importance.Thenotionofresilientchildisanemergingconceptforunder-
standingchildren’scopingwiththemodern-daypaceofsocialchangeandthe
associatedstress.
Resilienceastheabilityofanindividualtoefficientlyimplementpositive
adaptivebehavioursinresponsetopotentiallydisruptiveeventswhileenduring
minimalstress,figuresprominentlyasakeycompetencetobepreservedand
strengthenedinchildrenastheyfaceeverydaysetbacksinthepresentmulti-
culturalcommunities.Schoolsarebelievedtosignificantlycontributeinunder-
standingandpromotingresilienceinchildrenandyouth(Howard,Dryden&
Johnson,1999)andthatiswhytheeducationarenashouldbecomeafocusfor
studiesofresilienceinschoolsettings.
Thispaper’sfocusistogainaconceptualunderstandingoftheconcept
ofresilience,bypickinguponsomerecentandolderdialoguesinresilience
researchinordertodetectitsimplicationsforeducationinamulticulturalera.
But,whatisresilience?
Whensearchingforgermaneliterature,akeywordsearchusingtheterm
resilienceintheFreeUniversityBerlinlibraryportalPRIMOresultedin
76.978titlesthatmatchedtheterm,1.623ofwhichwerebooks.Etymologi-
cally,resilience(n.)anditsverb“resile”comesfromtheLatinwordresiliens
whichmeans“torebound,recoil”;re“back”andsalire“tojump,leap”(online)
(Harper,2001-2016).Initsinitialsense,itreferredto:
Resilienceistheelasticenergythatamaterialcanabsorbandrelease
oncetheloadisremoved(online)(Fais,2016)1.
Thephysicalpropertyofamaterialthatenablesittoreturntoitsorig-
inalshapeorpositionafterdeformation(suchasbent,stretchedor
compressed)thatdoesnotexceeditselasticlimit(online)(Resilience,
2016a).
However,whenappliedtolevelsofbiologyandhumanactivity,asithas
beenhistorically(Garcia-Diaetal.,2013),thenotionofresiliencetranslates
1Theresilienceofamaterialisarguedtobehigherastheyieldstressincreases(Fais,2016),
whereasforhumanresilience,itisassumedthatthegreatertheseverityoftraumaand/orthefre-
quencyoftraumaticexperiences,thelesslikelyanindividualwillsuccessfullyrespondtothoseand
furtherdevelop(Condly,2006).
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