The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793

Anna Michałowska-Mycielska

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-8002-253-9

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog

Rok wydania:

2015

Liczba stron:

408

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Michałowska-Mycielska, Anna. The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793. Red. . : Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog, 2015, 408 s. ISBN 978-83-8002-253-9

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Michałowska-Mycielska, A.

T1 The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793

PB Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog

YR 2015

SN 978-83-8002-253-9

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 137525, author = "Michałowska-Mycielska, Anna", editor = "", title = "The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793", publisher = "Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog", year = "2015", address = "", isbn = "978-83-8002-253-9" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Michałowska-Mycielska, Anna

ED -

TI - The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793

PB - Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog

CY -

PY - 2015

SN - 978-83-8002-253-9

ER -

Netografia (standard APA):

Michałowska-Mycielska, Anna. The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793 [baza danych online] : Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog, 2015 [dostęp: 22 07 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/the-jewish-community-authority-and-social-control-in-poznan-and-anna-michalowska-mycielska-137525.

Książka - napisana przede wszystkim na podstawie źródeł żydowskich, przeważnie w języku hebrajskim - stanowi cenny wkład w badania nad dziejami Żydów w Polsce. Na przykładzie gmin w Poznaniu i Swarzędzu pokazuje mechanizmy funkcjonowania i polityk...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-8002-253-9

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog

Rok wydania:

2015

Liczba stron:

408

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Title Page2
Book Info3
Table of Contents4
Foreword to the Second Edition6
Editorial Note8
Introduction9
CHAPTER 1. Outline of the History of Jews in Poznań and Swarzędz12
CHAPTER 2. Source Materials Used in the Study of the Wielkopolska Jewish Communities in Early Modern Times23
CHAPTER 3. Community Authorities31
1. Community Officials and Their Responsibilities31
2. Functionaries52
3. Governing Assemblies65
4. Demonstration of Social Position74
CHAPTER 4. Election of Community Authorities84
1. Electors and Elections84
2. Elected Officials97
3. Promotions of Officials (cursus honorum)108
CHAPTER 5. A Community Rabbi117
CHAPTER 6. Judiciary130
CHAPTER 7. Guilds and Brotherhoods and Their Relations with Community Authorities143
1. Craftsmen’s Guilds143
2. Charity Brotherhood (ḥevrah kadishah)148
3. Other Brotherhoods159
CHAPTER 8. Community Authorities and the Control of Residents164
1. Citizenship and the Right of Residence in a Community164
2. Control over Business Activities174
3. Sumptuary Laws182
4. Methods of Exerting Influence: an Oath and a Curse189
5. Conflicts between the Authorities and Community Residents199
CHAPTER 9. Community’s Financial Policy206
1. Taxes and Their Collection206
2. Community Earnings and Expenses225
3. Community’s Debts234
CHAPTER 10. Relations between Poznań and Swarzędz239
CHAPTER 11. Relations with Non-Jewish Authorities248
1. Control Exercised by a Voievode and Town Owner248
2. Non-Jewish Courts255
Conclusion262
ANNEX 1. Officials of the Swarzędz Community and Their Tax Payments266
ANNEX 2. People Holding the Position of a Parnas in the Swarzędz Community from 1723 to 1793275
ANNEX 3. Career Paths of Officials whose Names Appear on Election Lists of the Swarzędz Community for the Longest Period of Time (More than 35 Years)277
Bibliography298
Abbreviations298
Manuscript Sources298
Printed Sources300
Studies302
Index315
Footnotes332

Passoverwhentheannualaccountsweresquared.

In1700,atrusteewascommittedinPoznańtoshowthemonthly

pamasaregisterofrevenuesandexpenseseveryday.Thelatterwas

toexaminethemandsumthemupeveryday,andwhenworkingon

weeklysums,hehadtobeinthecompanyofthreetovim,whowere

accountsupervisors,andtosquaretheweeklyaccountstogetherwith

them.Theyweresignedbythemonthlypamasandonetovi(each

monthadiﬀerenttoviwoulddoit).[33]In1704,thePoznańelectors

recordedthatthemonthlypamaswaschargedwithtoomanyduties

andhadnotimetosquaretheweeklyaccountsregularly.Forthat

reason,theelectorsappointedeightaccountsupervisorswhotook

turns,twoofthemeveryweek,squaringtheaccountswith

thetrustee.[34]

AsimilarprocedurewasfollowedinSwarzędz,althoughfor

diﬀerentreasons:thereisanentryfrom1726thatpamasimwerelazy

andcarelessabouttheiraccountswhichresultedinnumerouserrors.

Thisiswhythreeaccountsupervisorswereappointedwhowereto

checkandsumupallofthetrustee’srevenuesandexpensesontheeve

ofeverymonth(erevroshhodesh).[35]

Itwasalsoaresponsibilityofpamasimtoseetoitthattaxeswere

collectedappropriatelyandthatnohigharrearsintaxpayment

accmed.Eachweekthemonthlypamaswouldbedeliveredalistof

propertytaxesassessedbytaxestimatorsandtaxescollectedbytax

collectors.Thiskindofprocedurehadtobefollowedasthemonthly

pamaswasprohibitedtoacceptmoneydirectlyfromtaxpayers.

Duringhisterminoﬃce,themonthlypamassquaredtheaccounts

withthetaxcollectorandenteredappropriatesumsintothepinkas.

Taxcollectorswereobligatedtoprovidethemonthlypamaswith

amonthlyregisterofpeoplewhofailedtopaytheirtaxes.

TheSwarzędzpamasimwerecommittedtotakingappropriate

coercivemeasureseverytwomonths,ﬁningthosewholaggedintax

payments,justiﬁedbecauseoftheneedtoprotectthewell-beingof

thecommunityandtheindividual,whowouldlaterﬁnditdiﬃcultto

payalltheduesatonce.[36]

Themonthlypamashadadutytohelptaxcollectors.ThePoznań

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The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793

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