Treść książki

Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
1.1Publicregisters-definition,typology,functions
authority.Thesedocumentsarethenprocessedandentriesintheregistersare
createdontheirbasis.Thelesthemselves,ontheotherhand,arecollectedand
storedbytheregistrationauthorityalongsidetherelevantregisterbooks.Inthis
respect,thePolishregistershavefollowedtheGermanpracticeanditsconcept
ofEintragung.27
Althoughthetypologyofpublicregistersisimportantforthediscussedissue,
thedivisionintocourtandadministrativeregisters,onwhichtheconstructionof
thepresenteddissertationisbased,willbeofthegreatestimportance.Itisalso
adivisionoffundamentalimportanceinthecaseofPrussianregisters.When
choosingthetypologyofpublicregisters,themostvitalthingisthenatureofthe
bodiesthatoperatethemandtheprocedurestheyuse.Amongtheadministrative
registersinPrussia,wecandistinguishthemaritalstatusregisters,theregister
ofpatents,theregisterofutilitymodels,theregisteroftrademarks,andtheland
taxcadastre.Courtregisters,ontheotherhand,werelandregisters,commercial
registers,registersofcooperatives,associationsandwatercooperatives,registers
oftheseaandinlandvessels,aswellasregistersofdesigns,matrimonialproperty
rightsandthestockexchangeregister.
Theproblemofentriesandtheirsystematicsisalsocentraltotheissueof
publicregisters.Entriesinpublicregisterscanbedividedintoobligatoryand
optional.Anentryisobligatorywhentheprovisionsoflawrequireitsmaking,and
optionalwhenitsmakingdependsonthewilloftheentitledparty.Entriesmay
alsobedividedintopositiveandnegativeones.Apositiveentryisonethatdiscloses
newdatainthelandandmortgageregister.Ontheotherhand,deletionofdatais
anegativeentry.Whetherthecourtmakesanentryonitsowninitiativeoronthe
initiativeofaninterestedentity,entriesmadeexocioanduponapplicationcan
bedistinguished.28Intermsoftheirmeaning,entriescanbedividedintorevealing
(declarative,declaratory)andlaw-making(constitutive).29Aconstitutiveentryis
onethatisoneoftheconditionsforthecreation,changeorcancellationofaright.
Adeclarativeentry,ontheotherhand,onlyrevealsachangeinthelegalstatusthat
hasalreadytakenplace.30Law-makingentriescanbedividedinto:
1.Entrieswhichcausetoariseonlycircumstancesthatarethesubjectofthe
entry,providedthattheentrydoesnotrectifytheshortcomingsderived
fromthecircumstancesentered;
27Ibidem,p.393.
28M.Deneka,Księgiwieczyste.Zasadymaterialnoprawne,Warszawa2010,pp.69-70.
29Z.Żabiński,op.cit.,p.81.
30M.Deneka,op.cit.,p.69.
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