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Preface
though,thatitisnotalwayspossibletodifferentiatebetweenthetwo.Hecom-
mentsonthedifficultiesinvolvedintranslatingwordplayandpuns,andana-
lysesdifferentstrategiesandproceduresappliedbytranslatorswhenconfronted
withsuchbarriers.Sincetranslationinvolvesmorethanjustlinguisticopera-
tions,translatorsoftenfaceculturalbarriers.Wróblewskifocusesonthe4cultural
turn’inTranslationStudies,hediscussesdifferentaspectsoflinguisticandcul-
turaltransfer,andprovidesaninterestingclassificationofculture-specificwords
andphrasesandappropriatetranslationprocedures.
Varioustheoreticalperspectiveshavebeenappliedtoanalysingtranslation
processesandprocedures.Oneofthemostsuccessfulapproacheshasbeenpro-
posedwithinCognitiveLinguistics.MikołajDeckertprovidesinhischapteran
overviewofselectedcognitivemodelsoftranslationanalysis.Hefirstliststhe
majorfeaturescharacterizingCognitiveLinguistics,andnextdiscussestheCo-
gnitiveLinguisticsapproachtopoeticsoftranslation,referringtoissuessuchas
perspective,
salience,
and
metaphor.
Also
this
chapter
mentions
re-
conceptualizationandthecomplexprocessesinwhichthesourcelanguagemes-
sageisreconceptualisedinanumberofcyclesbeforeitisexpressedinthetarget
language.
ContemporaryTranslationStudiespaycloseattentionnotonlytolinguistic
theories,butalsodifferentmethodologies,findingcorpuslinguisticmethodology
verypromising.ŁukaszGrabowskipresentsthescopeofpossibleapplications
oflanguagecorporaandcorpuslinguisticsmethodologyinempiricalresearchon
translation.Heexplicatesthedifferencebetweenquantitativeandqualitative
researchmethodsofferedbycorpuslinguistics,anddiscussesthethreebasic
typesofcorpora(parallel,comparable,andmonolingualcomparable)extensive-
lyusedindescriptiveTranslationStudies.
Communicationhasitsmultimodaldimension,andhenceŁukaszBogucki
devoteshischaptertomultidimensionaltranslation,especiallyinaudiovisual
contexts.Heobservesthataudiovisualtranslationisadynamicgenrewhose
mainfeatureisthecoexistenceofvisualandverbalcommunication,wherethe
visualelementisafeaturedistinguishingaudiovisualtranslationfromtranslation
inthetraditionalsense.Boguckidiscussesvariousaspectsofmultimodalityin
translationresearchandmethodologicalissuesinvolvedinthisresearch(suchas
multimodalanalysisandtranscription).Additionally,thischaptershowsthe
importanceofterminologicalissuesandadequatenomenclatureinalldomains
ofTranslationStudies.
AdamBednarekandJoannaDrożdżtackletheissueoftranslationinthe
digitalageandwithindigitalspace.Theyfocusondifferentaspectsofmachine
translation(withsomehistoricalcontext),computertoolsemployedinthepro-
cessoftranslation,andontheimportantissueoflocalization.Localizationac-
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