Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
nieakceptowanezachowanie,któreumyślniepowodujeniepotrzebnyból,cierpienie,
niepokójlubśmierćzwierzęcia.
Częśćdrugąkończyobszernaliteraturauzupełniająca.
SocialVictimology-abstract
Victimologyfocusesonallthephenomenawhichcausesocialinequalities,onharm
donetosocietiesorhumanindividuals.Itsareasofinterestincludeglobalisation,
whichreducessocio-economicinequalitiesandimprovesthequalityoflifeforsome,
butisaccusedbyitsopponentsofincreasingthedeteriorationoftheenvironmentand
threateningthequalityoflifeforothers,aswellasoftheresultingformsofhumanharm.
Thepresentworkdoesnotexhaustthecomprehensivescopeofvictimology.However,it
analysesandassessestheproblemsidentifiedbythisfieldofknowledge,namely,threats
toindividualsandsocietiesinthetwenty-firstcentury.Forvictimologytodevelopas
asocialmovement,theresultsofvictimologicalstudiesmustbeimplemented.Inthe
nearestfuture,thepreventivefunctionofvictimologyislikelytoincrease,assuggested
inthesubsequentchaptersofthebook,whichisawide-rangingstudycoveringall
aspectsofmodernvictimology.
Thisbook,thefirstoftwocomplementaryvolumes-SocialVictimologyandCriminal
Victimology-isdividedintothreeparts,withamplesupplementaryliteratureatthe
endofeach.Thefirstpartaddressespreliminaryquestionsintwochapters.Chapter1
introducestheconceptofvictimologyanddescribesitsdifferenttypes,e.g.theologi-
cal,natural,ecological,social,cultural,andcriminal.Thisvarietyreflectsthefactthat
anyhumanactivitycanhaveitsownimplicationsregardingvictimisation.Chapter2
includesgeneralclassificationsofthreatsfacedbyhumanitytoday.Thesecomepri-
marilyfromnatureandfromtheproductsofcivilisation.Theimpactofdirectand
indirectthreatscomingfromnaturemaybeveryconsequentialforhumanlifeand
health,usuallyonamassivescale.Otherhighlycommonthreatsareofaneconomic
andsocialvariety,likeunemployment;privationandpoverty;economicandsocial
degradationofindividuals,families,professionalgroups,andlocalcommunities;or
acrisisofeducation,science,health,housing,ornaturalenvironment.Inadditionto
externalthreats,peoplefaceinternalthreats,i.e.thoseresultingfromsomespecificun-
desirablechangeswithinthemselves.Althoughthesechangesmaybedeterminedby
theexternalenvironmentoftheindividualorrelatedtocertainsomaticdisorders,they
differfromexternalthreatsduetotheirfrequentlysubjectiveandindividualnature.
Withvictimisationaswitheverythingelse,psychologicalandsocialconsequencesare
asseriousasphysicalones.
Thesecondpartofthebookisdevotedtothevictimologyofsocialgroups.Itconsists
oftwenty-sevenchaptersonvariousaspectsofgeneralsocialvictimology.Chapter3
providesadetailedoverviewofthelivingconditionsinthenaturalenvironmentand
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