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16
Introduction
divisionoflabour.TefocusisonissuessuchasthedescriptionofIITdevelopment
withinregionaleconomiccommunities,structuraltransformationsresultingfrom
intra-industryspecialisationinconditionsofliberalisationandtheimportanceof
two-waytradetotheconvergenceofintegratingeconomies.Teconsiderations
concludewithareviewofthemostimportantandrecentstudiesregardingthe
intra-industrytradeoftheCEE.
Chapter3presentsthendingsfromacomparativeanalysisofthemerchandise
tradeoftheEU-10in2004-2015.Itstartswithadescriptionofthemajorchanges
oftheconditionsofEU-10foreigntradearisingfromaccessiontothesingleEU
market.Next,itpresentstheresultsofempiricalstudiesconfirmingthegrowing
roleofforeigntradeintheeconomiesofthecountriescovered.Tefollowingpart
discussesthendingsfromananalysisofchangesinthevalue,dynamicsandstruc-
tureofimportsandexports.Next,thereisadescriptionoftheexaminationresults
concerningthestructureofforeigntradebymaincommoditygroupsandfactor
inputsaswellaschangesinsimilaritiesbetweenstructuresofEU-10importsand
exports.Inconclusion,thechapterdescribesthendingsfromananalysisofthe
specialisationandconcentrationofforeignmerchandisetrade.
TeanalysispresentedinChapter4mostlyaimstoempiricallystudythemain
developmenttrendsintheintra-industrytradeoftheNMSandtoassessthelevel
oftheireconomiccompetitivenessinthesingleEUmarketintermsofcomplemen-
tarityandsubstitutionoftheireconomies.Teexaminationcoverschangesinthe
intensityoftheintra-industrytradeoftheEU-10.Techapteralsocharacterises
significantchangesintheintra-industrytradeoftheEU-10intradewiththemain
groupsofpartners.Inconclusion,itanalysestheintra-industrytradeindicesofnal
goodsandintermediaries.
TeanalysisdescribedinChapter5aimstoanswerthefollowingresearch
question:afermorethantenyearssincethemostextensiveenlargementoftheEU,
whatwastheproductstructureoftheintra-industrytradeoftheEU-10inparticular
manufacturingindustriesandintradeinprimarycommodities?Teexamination
alsoattemptstoanswerthequestionwhetherthechangesinthestructureofIITin
theEU-10in2004-2015followedpatternssimilartothoseobservedintheEU-15
andwhethertheyhadapositivestructuraldimension.Itbeginswithananalysisof
theintra-industrytradeinthreemanufacturingindustries:machineryandtransport
equipment,othermanufacturedgoodsandchemicals.Next,itpresentschanges
inthestructureoftwo-waytradeinmanufacturesbrokendownbytechnology
intensity,withaspecialfocusonhorizontaltradeandhigh-qualityverticaltrade
inmedium-andhigh-technologyproducts(alsoreferredtoas“MidTech”and
“HighTech”
,respectively).Techapterconcludeswithadescriptionoftheanalysis
resultsconcerningthestructureofintra-industrytradeinprimarycommoditiesin
threeindustries:food,beveragesandtobacco,energyproductsandrawmaterials.
TeanalysisconcludeswithChapter6,recapitulatingthemostimportantresearch
ndings,withaspecialfocusontheachievementoftheadoptedobjectivesandon