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individual.Therefore,itcanbeprovisionallyassumedthatprofessionaliden-
tityiswhatapersonbelievesabouthisorherbelongingtoaparticularprofessional
groupandhowthispersonapproachesprofessionalcommitments(representing
personalidentity)accompaniedbytheacceptanceofthisbelongingandtheseways
ofperformingthejobbyothers(representingsocialidentity).
Inthesamevein,ifprofessionalidentityofteachersisconsidered,the
mergeofthetwokindsofidentitiesisevenmorevisible.Thisisthecasebe-
causeitisdifficulttodifferentiateinateacherwhatisprofessional(social)
fromwhatispersonal(Kwiatkowska,2005,p.72).Thenatureofthisworkis
thatitisthepersonalqualitiesofateacherthatareoftenresponsibleforhis
orhereffectivenessasarepresentativeoftheteachingprofession.
TheHquality”ofprofessionalidentityinsomeprofessionsverymuchde-
pendsonthereasonswhypeoplechooseacareer,andonpeople’sethical
sensitivity.Marcia’sstatusesofidentityhavebeenappliedtoinvestigating
theprofessionalidentityofpsychologists(Brzezińska&Appelt,2004)and
Polishteachers(Kwiatkowska,2005),includinglanguageteachers(Werbiń-
ska,2009c),whereasKohlberg’stheoryofmoraldevelopmenthasbeenused
toshedmorelightontheidentityofteachers(Kwaśnica,2003)andpsy-
chologists(Brzezińska&Appelt,2004).Bothconstructsarebrieflydescribed
belowtobetterelucidatetheHdegrees”ofprofessionalidentitythatcanbe
reached.
1.2.3.1Marcia’sStatusesofIdentityandProfessionalIdentity
Marcia’s(1967)statusesofidentityaspiretobeinganoperationalapplication
ofErikson’sconceptofTheEightStagesofLife,especiallywithregardtotwo
terms:crisisandcommitment.Beingaturningpointintheformationofiden-
tity,crisismayequalconsciousdecisionmaking.Commitment,ontheother
hand,isthefollowingthroughwiththedecision,engagementinperforming
andmaintainingatask,orintroducingchangestoasetofbeliefs.Dueto
acrisis,anindividualcanfeelstronger,ifheorsheholdsavisionofhimself
orherself,orcanremaininthecrisis,ifhisorherdecisionsareinconsequent
orlackinginvision.Thepresenceorabsenceofthesetwoelementsmade
Marciadistinguishfourstatusesofidentity:identitydiffusion,identityforeclo-
sure,identitymoratoriumandidentityachievement.Yet,fortheprocessoftheir
formation,therearetwoimportantstagesneeded:explorationandmaking
acommitment.Explorationmeansexperimentingortestingpossibilities,whereas
makingacommitmentistheconsequenceofprevioussearching,takingadeci-
sionandfeelingaccountableforfollowingitthrough.Thecombinationof
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