Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
24
Electronicvarieties:InternetcommunicationandInternetforums
-theuseofhighlyinformal,expressive,spontaneouslanguage25;
-theuseofneologismsandsemanticorphrasalinnovations;
-theuseofEnglishborrowingsofvarioustypes:lexical(includingtheuseof
unconventionallyassimilatedloanwords,e.g.fenkju,SzybowskaandTermińska
2005:215),semantic,loantranslations,loanrenditionsaswellasvarious
English-Polishhybridconstructions,whethermodelledonEnglish(semi-
calques)ornot;
-theinstancesofcode-switchingbetweenPolishandEnglish;
-theuseoflesstypicalEnglishborrowings,e.g.inthesphereofpunctuationor
spelling(Zabawa2010c;cf.alsoGreń2009:93,whodescribesthemasmixing
ofspellingsystems,orSzybowskaandTermińska(2005:215),whodescribe
themaspseudo-EnglishspellingofPolishwords,e.g.choody,moovishfor
chudy,mówisz26);
-internationalizationoflexis(e.g.theuseofinternationallyrecognized
abbreviations,suchasID,FAQ,orHTML)27;
-theuseofemoticons;
-frequentuseofdiminutives(Zabawa2015e:136-137;formoreoncurrent
tendencyinPolishtooverusediminutives,cf.Mańczak2011:218-219,Miodek
2012:402);
-theuseofonomatopoeicstructures(writtenformsofnon-orparaverbal
communication),e.g.heh,buhaha,haha,buuuuu,hmmm,yyyy,eeee.
Thus,ascanbeseen,InternetPolishdifferstoquiteanextentfromstandard
writtenlanguage;somescholars,e.g.Zalewska-Greloch(2008:155),goasfar
astoclaimthatInternetusersactuallycreatetheirownlanguage(butcf.also
Crystal(2011:5),whoassertsthatmostofsuchfeaturesarenotnewphenomena,
sincetheydidnotappearfirstontheInternet,butwereusedelsewhereinthe
pastaswell).Variouskindsofdeviationsfromtraditionalrulescan,ontheone
hand,beattributedtothefactthatthecommunicationviatheInternet(especially
viachats)isquick,reflectingthepaceofnaturalspeech(asaconsequence,there
isnotenoughtimetocheckthespellingandcorrectpossibleerrors);ontheother
hand,itcanalsobeconnectedwiththedesiretobeoriginal,toexperimentwith
thetext,particularlywithitsgraphicarrangement,etc.Thus,normativerules
arefrequentlyviolatedonpurpose,soastoe.g.communicatecertainattitudes.
25
NowadaystheuseofhighlyinformallanguageischaracteristicnotonlyfortheInternet
language;onthecontrary,colloquialexpressionsarenowmoreandmorefrequentlyusedin
officialandsemi-officiallanguage,e.g.inthemedia(cf.thelanguageofpoliticaldiscussionsand
interviews;formoreonthis,cf.e.g.Dubisz2013:127,Miodek2013a:368).Bibliographyonthe
informalvarietyoflanguage,itscharacteristicfeatures,relationtoothervarieties,etc.,isalready
quiterich;forabriefsummary,cf.thepreviousbookbythepresentauthor(Zabawa2012a).
26
Cf.alsoDura,whorightlynoticesthattheformsofthistypearenotbasedonstrictrules,
e.g.qissometimesusedinsteadofkuandsometimesinsteadofk(Dura2009:211).
27
Cf.Libura(2006:46-47)whowritesaboutaninternationalsociolectofInternetusers.
